The Topic Of Sex Trafficking - 1518 Words

Introduction This review of the literature will be about the topic of sex trafficking. My research process involved searching for information on sex trafficking and also human trafficking as a whole. I investigated a great deal of different sources and used many websites of organizations dedicated to spreading awareness on sex trafficking and working toward hindering it. I also researched using non-fiction books regarding sex trafficking, including works sharing the experiences of real victims and survivors of trafficking. A common frustration that I had when researching was finding sources with accurate information pertaining the male victims of sex trafficking. Since Male victims of trafficking commonly go unseen, unheard and forgotten, this information was a bit more difficult to find. Some themes that arouse during my research process were background information, the global problem, victims, effects, and solutions. Some questions that drove my research process were: How do traffickers lure their victims in?, Who are the most common victims of sex trafficking?, Where does sex trafficking happen?, and How can sex trafficking being stopped? Background Information â€Å"The modern day slavery,† that is what many people will refer to sex trafficking as. Sex trafficking is defined as the act of forcing, coercing, or conning an individual into performing any sexual act. (Behnke, 2015 Shared Hope, 2016) The term â€Å"sexual act† can be very broad and include many activities. TheseShow MoreRelatedThe Topic Of Human Sex Trafficking2069 Words   |  9 PagesHuman Sex Trafficking I chose the topic of human sex trafficking because I don’t know much about it and I find the topic intriguing. When I was in the military, we had to do certain mandatory (information technology) annual training each year and trafficking in persons was one of the topics each of the last 5 years that I can remember. Until that point, I’d never even heard of trafficking. I can remember just rushing through the training and taking every shortcut that I could so that I could getRead MoreSex Trafficking And The Rights Of The Poor And Needy1300 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Open your mouth, judge righteously, defend the rights of the poor and needy.† I want to talk about sex trafficking to present the topics in America today that are categorized to be socially unacceptable to speak of. Americans only want to hear good things and only talk about fun topics. They want to live in a perfect world, where everyone loves them and there is peace. Peace is so heavily publicized, we have even set aside a national holiday for it. What American’s are trying to publicize is a desiredRead MoreHuman Trafficking : Good Vs Bad1199 Words   |  5 PagesHarper Govt. 2305 Project April 6, 2016 Spring 2016 Human Trafficking: Good vs Bad Introduce The topic I chose to broaden my research on for my project is Human Trafficking. Human trafficking, in my opinion, is a controversial topic to have a discussion on. As a whole, human trafficking is controversial because there are some individuals that do not view trafficking as illegal (different word choice). Some individuals view trafficking as legal. Later on in the paper I will explain in more detailRead MoreHuman Trafficking : An Effective Solution1260 Words   |  6 Pages it. Human trafficking can play a deviating role on both the victim and their family. I want to inform you about the circumstances and the pain caused by human trafficking. Human trafficking is a broad issue and focuses on many areas of abuse and power over another human being. In order for me to inform you more about human trafficking and how to put a stop to it, (1) I need to inform the audience why these acts are done. I can show you how and why other humans do this to one another. (2) I wantRead MoreHuman Trafficking : Women Sold Into Prostitution Trades1199 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Trafficking: Women sold into Prostitution Trades Introduction Historical Background. First off, prostitution has existed even before Christ set foot on this earth. The term is beyond ancient and has a long-term historic footprint around the world. Over the years women have a long history being apart of sex trafficking whether it’s self volunteered or forcefully. Regardless of the laws that have been established to help decrease to eliminate what is still becoming a hot topic problem in theRead MoreSex Trafficking And The United States1158 Words   |  5 PagesWhen looking for topics to research I wanted to do something that was a prominent problem in my hometown, which was Sex Trafficking (ST). Coming from Houston, Texas, Sex Trafficking is one of the major hubs in the United States. Houston’s main highway I - 10 is the main road used to travel these victims to state lines to get them out of the country. A better definition of sex trafficking is when someone uses force, fraud or coercion to cause a commercial sex a ct with an adult or cause a minor toRead MoreChild Sex Trafficking877 Words   |  4 Pagespeople hear the expression â€Å"child sex trafficking† inevitably unspeakable thoughts come to mind, others are unaware this is even happening. Sex trafficking is a serious criminal issue taking place within the borders of the United States, but on the outside of these boarders this crime stands as a reliable source of income for those who participate. Although child sex trafficking is a local crime it is obvious that multiple nations have different viewpoints on the topic. The problem at hand is meetingRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is The Illegal Movement Of People1417 Words   |  6 PagesThe topic I would like to discuss in my term report is the topic of Human Trafficking. By definition; human trafficking is the illegal movement of people, typically for the purposes of forced labor or commercial sexual exploitation. The main reason I chose this topic is because of a story I read rece ntly about a woman named Nadia Murad, who was taken from her home in Iraq and sold to men as a sex slave. This topic is interesting because it is unfathomable to me not only that there is still a marketRead MorePersuasive Essay On Human Trafficking851 Words   |  4 Pagessearching for better lives resort to human trafficking as a result. It is a worldwide issue that can be defined as the trading of humans, most commonly by force, sexual slavery, or commercial. It is one of the top leading crimes in the world today that puts not only women, but also men in danger. Human trafficking is a worldwide issue that has been going on for decades, and all the issues of the trafficking would make one wonder, how can it be stopped? Human trafficking has become the modern-day slavery,Read MoreHuman Trafficking1289 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Trafficking is a form of organized crime, in which people of all ages are taken from their homes to be exploited for sexual or labor purposes. The traffic kers use fear and violence to get these people to come with them, and all they really want out of it is money. I will be using four main sources to gather my information. First I will give a general overview of two websites giving great depth into the topic of human trafficking. I will then summarize three case studies on human trafficking

The Inequality Of The United States - 1539 Words

Income concentration in United States has changed along with the spending patterns of the individuals. This has induced and widened the pay gap between the wealthy and the middle class. One individual’s demand is now another’s necessity which is why the income ladder is hard to grab now. Although financial aid by the government does help the middle class students to acquire good quality education, but this is not enough as the wealthy can get what they want even if they possess lesser prospects. According to the presidential address by President Obama, the founders of the great nation rejoiced on the fact that America will be a country where hard work will be paid off and where responsibility will be rewarded. America will be a country where anyone can make it if they tried no matter what background; however, this address is countered by the idea that the vicious circle of income inequality is growing. This means that the proportion of the citizens that never actually make it up to the wealthy ladder and have to remain in rags will continue to grow. Theodore Roosevelt, while delivering his speech at The New Nationalism brought out the idea that hard labor should be rewarded by good income and the uplift of humanity is based on the provision of all the rights of equal payment to the common man. Theodore Roosevelt would react to the unequal payment issues in such a way that he would declare that the advance of humanity happens to be in the major conflict between those whoShow MoreRelatedThe United States Of Inequality Essay1153 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States of Inequality is an article that delves into the harsh realities we face in our country today, with regards to income inequality. Income inequality in the United States is at a rise. And the sobering factor is that so little is being done to address this issue. According to a new study by researchers at the Economic Policy Institute, forces of rising inequality are operating at an all-time high throughout the United States. The study, â€Å"which measures income ineq uality by state, metroRead MoreInequality in the United States889 Words   |  4 Pagestopics discussed during this political science course is the political and economic inequality that has recently risen to staggering levels in the United States. Although political and economic inequality seem to be some of the most pressing issues we face today, little has been done to close the gap between the middle and upper classes. By looking at how our government and society behaves, one can see why the inequality barrier is such a difficult obstacle to overcome. Politicians may be more focusedRead MoreThe Inequality Of The United States1495 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States is currently experiencing increased income inequality and a large gap between rich and poor that continues to grow. After the Wall Street meltdown in 2008 and the recession that followed, economic recovery has been extremely slow and the inequality of America’s income distribution seems to be intensifyi ng. Since the recession, the top one percent of earners in the US has experienced notably higher percentages of income growth, while the incomes of the middle class have become frozenRead MoreThe Inequality Of The United States2537 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction â€Å"Inequality in the United States has prevailed on all levels, be it the justice and legal system, or the social class. This inequality is not only the basis of discrimination, but also encourages the increase in criminalization.† This report provides the understanding about income inequality in the United States, which shows the impact on the American conception of justice and the legal system. This book demonstrates about the divide by observing the connection among rising income inequalityRead MoreThe Inequality Of The United States2017 Words   |  9 Pages The study of inequality in America is vital to understanding the complicated political and social issues in America. Barrington, Illinois, my home town, is the picture of upper-middle class suburbia. It is a town with very little inequality, and very little diversity, but one which reveals some basic truths about inequality in America. One must first look at a snapshot of what Barrington socioeconomic structure is, then evaluate this structure through the theories of inequality. After these, andRead MoreGender Inequality Of The United States1363 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"You won’t get paid. As a woman and of color, you’re going to be u nderpaid, so there’s really no point,† Daniel recalled (â€Å"Career and Workplace† 4). A future law graduate was told to throw away her dreams in regards to gender inequality. A girl named Reshma Daniel had to give up what she loved most because of a situation regarding both her race and gender. Reshma Daniel’s parents moved to America from India with just a couple dollars. Her parents wanted their children to live the American life. ForRead MoreEconomic Inequality Of The United States1696 Words   |  7 PagesEconomic Inequality Paper Homelessness is one of the main problems plaguing the United States today, with low income earners at a higher risk of becoming homeless than previous years. There have been countless laws and ordinances put in place throughout the country in hopes of solving this growing problem but many of them have failed to address one of the main things causing this issue, economic inequality and the unequal distribution of wealth in the United States. Although there are many non-profitRead MoreGender Inequality : The United States939 Words   |  4 PagesGender inequality has been an issue in the United States of America since the very founding of the country. Many believe that the sexes are equal in the United States of today because nearly a hundred years ago women gained the right to vote but this was not the only hurdle we needed to surmount. Gender inequality is alive and thriving even today, and although this is definitely not the only issue American women face today, it can be seen in s omething called the wage gap. It is commonly known thatRead MoreEconomic Inequality Of The United States1435 Words   |  6 PagesIn 2013, President Obama asserted that the growing income gap in the United States is a â€Å"defining challenge of our time†. Economic inequality consistently ranks amongst the greatest concerns of voters and is the subject of growing national and international attention. As such, explorations of rising inequality are not new. Where the readings are revelatory, however, is in their efforts to expose the fallacy that economic distribution, be it the hyper-concentration of wealth at the top or the existenceRead MorePoverty Inequality : The United States1040 Words   |  5 Pagesgreatest problems in the United States today. Poverty is the state or condition of having little or no money, goods, or means of support; a condition of being poor.Many people, especially African Americans and children, live in poverty. People in poverty are left to face different social, cultural, phys ical and mental challenges.The American Dream is to have a well paying job and to be comfortable, but most Americans are forced to live a life of poverty. Although the United States is one of the richest

Modern Relationships Free Essays

The advancement of technology does not only change man’s way of doing things but also it changes some aspects of his personal life. One of these aspects is in the area of  Ã‚   building relationships.   According to Maslow, one of man’s basic needs is belongingness and love. We will write a custom essay sample on Modern Relationships or any similar topic only for you Order Now He stated that man basically wants to find someone whom he can love and be loved.   Relationships add meaning to his life and gave him a sense of purpose ( Maslow, 1954). With the discovery of the internet, that purpose is going to be fulfilled in a new way. The quest for a mate had always been a complicated procedure for most. Some have list of qualities and requirements that they want to find in someone while others do not know what they are looking for. All they know and hoped for is that there is someone for them out there in the world. Whoever comes along they always hoped he will be the special one but unfortunately they are not always right the first time. And so the quest continues. One way that modern man had taken advantage of for the quest is using the internet.   What is interesting about the World Wide Web is that it provided modern man the chance to meet different people from different culture and religious background. With the use of   his fingers , he can easily   meet someone from anywhere in the world   at any time. It is because anybody can connect to any chatrooms or websites that advertises various individuals looking for someone to love. Others may be skeptical about this idea simply because you actually do not know the real person behind the face. And many (mostly conservative ones) would suspect that no lasting relationships can ever be established from internet dating. They feel that everyone was just out there to fool or take advantage of somebody. They also reasoned that if it is hard to make a relationship work with someone you personally know for years how much harder will it be if you commit to a relationship with someone you only know in the internet. And how more complicated will it be if that person came from another country and practicing another religion! While the above argument may have some truth in it, internet dating continues to become a popular means of modern man to find someone to love. Their reasons may vary. Others find communicating in the internet easier. Communication had always been a problem of any relationships. Some people just cannot express themselves to those who already know them for years. They cannot relate their disappointments, frustrations and broken dreams for fear of rejection or betrayal. So they pretended to be strong and able to conquer the world while in reality they are on the verge of collapsing.   But the internet had provided them a different scenario. In there they find people who do not know them and therefore had no basis to judge. And since the other person is so far away in the world to do them any harm, they freely began to talk about themselves and later they realized that they were accepted for who they were. They do not need to wear a mask. And because of that they were willing to take the relationship to the next level. Another reason why people go for internet dating is because they find it challenging to do so. They are mostly adventurous individuals who are curios to learn about other cultures and religion. They do not fear these differences because they have the capacity to accept people’s differences from their own. For example modern America is a place of diverse nationalities, and most Americans had been an eyewitness of successful relationships between two people of diverse culture and religion. They figure that if they possessed a heart of understanding and acceptance any relationship can work. It really does not matter much where a person comes from as long as he is willing to make the necessary adjustment to make a relationship last as it should. In other words, there are cases that modern relationships between different cultures do not work not because of their differences in beliefs and customs but because of their innate negative characters. If they marry a person of their own culture and religion, their relationship will still not work because basically they are the problem. Another reason why people choose internet dating is because it helped them not to get too physically involved. Some good relationships fail initially because the physical involvement gets in the way of knowing the real person apart from the physical self. People who hade made sexual relationships before and were guilty about it find internet dating a welcome change. And they find that they do not have to be totally committed to have a relationship. All they want is to have someone willing to talk to. But of course, as I have stated before things just happens that change their minds and before long they find themselves loving someone from across the globe. The internet can also be the means for lovers to stay in contact when the other had to leave for another place for some reason. In the past, relationships failed because after the lover left, he lost touch with the other that was left behind.   Telephone long distance charges are very costly. At first there may be many calls but later on only few calls are made in a year     and then eventually it stopped. Then one of them realizes that the other had found a new love. But modern technology is trying to change all that. The internet provided convenient access for constant communication between lovers. Through it they can promptly and continuously catch up with each other’s lives. Communication no long becomes a barrier for their long distance relationships. The only thing that can really break their relationship now is if they really wanted to in the first place. Most people would never see themselves finding someone through the internet. They may utilize the net for an already formed relationship outside the internet (like the above example where one lover had to go away for some place) but to really find someone in the net is next to impossible for them. People who do this are usually very careful in life, they are afraid to make mistakes and for them it is a mistake to find someone in the net. But times had changed. In reality, there are many sensible people in the net. Decent modern men and women now take part in internet dating.   Their rule of thumb is to  Ã‚   use their head, be smart and stay away from suspicious people. It is true that many get fooled in the internet. But it is because they ignored the warning signs. People who do nasty things in the net and who request to see some private parts are not to be trusted. They do not possess any self-respect and will most likely make a mate’s life miserable. People that can be trusted are those who communicate respectfully and talk about wholesome matters.   But still in spite of that, a person should be watchful who he/she is talking or committing to. Even with the modern way of building relationships, using the head and lots of prayers are still the best means of finding the right person. Reference Maslow, Abraham H. (1954). Motivation and Personality. New York: Harper and Row Publishers, Incorporated    How to cite Modern Relationships, Essay examples

Market and Brand Orientation-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Identify the Concept of Corporate objectives and evaluate an Organisation with information available in the public domain. 2.Discuss Marketing Orientation Concept 3.What is your Organisation's core Marketing Strategy? Discuss thestrengths and weaknesses of the current Marketing Strategy and explain how this strategy will help your Organisation reach its corporate objectives. Answers: 1.There are many different objectives of the company at different levels such as corporate, functional, strategic etc. The corporate objectives are the objectives that deal with realistic goals of the company that are strategic in nature. These objectives affect the overall decisions of the organization at different levels because there are the ultimate gaols that the company wants to achieve. This can be better understood by discussing the objectives of a company called Woolworths. Woolworth is the company that has the ultimate or the corporate objective of becoming the priority company for the customers (Blount Nunley, 2015). To achieve this goal, the company has some priorities to attain such as generating the sustainable sales momentum, improving the drink business, becoming lean retailer, improving the business processes so as to provide more convenience to the customers. This is because of the company has to become the 1st priority of the customers then it has to strategize it s processes of customer service at first. These objectives of the company support the firm to attain its ultimate or the corporate goal. 2.In order to serve the customers and attract them to buy the products, it is necessary to implement some of the marketing concept. These concepts are known as marketing orientation concept. There are 5 basic concepts of marketing orientation. Production concept: This is the first marketing concept that deals with low cost production of the company. As per this concept, the consumers believe in buying the products that are easily available and affordable. Products concept: according to this concept, the consumers buy the products as per the quality and the performance of the product (Urde, Baumgarth Merrilees, 2013) Selling concept: The Company that believes in this concept tries to sell what they produce irrespective of the market demands. Marketing concept: This is one of the most effective concepts which suggest that the company needs to maker and make the people aware about the products they want to sell. Societal marketing concept: this is the modification of marketing concept. This concept believes that marketing is done in such a way that brings value to the customers as well as the society. Woolworths is the company that follows the concept of societal marketing. This is because the company has to become the first priority of the customers and it believes in serving the customers with ethics (Ferrell, Gonzalez-Padron, Hult Maignan, 2010). The company claims that customers value is their value and they believe in the strategies that enhances the value of the customers. 3.As far as the marketing strategy of the company is considered, Woolworth believes in keeping the customers first in all its strategies. The core market strategy of the company is offer, growth and efficiency. This 3 year strategy of the company is used to market the products in such a way that helps the company to attract more and more customers along with increasing value. The company is focusing on offers and loyalty system to be implemented so that it can better compete with the companies like Coles and Aldi that are giving tough competition to the firm (Racela, Chaikittisilpa Thoumrungroje, 2007). As the company wants to be the 1st priority of the customers so keeping the customers first in everything they do is a good option. Strength of the strategy: The strength of the strategy is that it provides the value to the customers and also the products at low prices so that everyone can afford to buy the products from Woolworths. Keeping the customers at the preference is also strength of the company to connect with the customers. Weakness: The weakness of the strategy is that this strategy is not considering the fluctuations in the market and the choices of the people that are dynamic in nature. References: Blount, J., Nunley, P. (2015). Social Enterprise, Corporate Objectives, and the Corporate Governance Narrative.Am. Bus. LJ,52, 201-789. Ferrell, O. C., Gonzalez-Padron, T. L., Hult, G. T. M., Maignan, I. (2010). From market orientation to stakeholder orientation.Journal of Public Policy Marketing,29(1), 93-96. Racela, O. C., Chaikittisilpa, C., Thoumrungroje, A. (2007). Market orientation, international business relationships and perceived export performance.International Marketing Review,24(2), 144-163. Urde, M., Baumgarth, C., Merrilees, B. (2013). Brand orientation and market orientationFrom alternatives to synergy.Journal of Business Research,66(1), 13-20.

Adrienne Richs Rape Essays - Rape, NYPD Blue, Laws Regarding Rape

Adrienne Rich's "Rape" Have you ever been in a situation where you had something horrible happen in your life that you needed to do something about, but in order to do something about it, you had to confront the problem and that caused you pain and more troubles? I believe that to be the underlying conflict in Adrienne Rich's "Rape". The main character who the speaker is talking to first is a woman who has been sexually violated. She is a victim of a heinous and very private, embarrassing crime. The officer that she has reported her situation to is a policeman who patrols her area and who her family knows and trust. Her family is very close to this officer, for "he comes from your block, grew up with your brothers.(2)" She doesn't know him that well though, which makes her telling him about the incident that much more painful and uncomfortable. She gives him all the details of the crime and about her assailant. She has the idea that the cop may have been her rapist. The woman has a certain bit of suspicion about the officer, but she is not sure. "Rape" is a poem about a woman who is reporting a case of rape to a policeman who may just be the criminal responsible for the offense himself. The violated woman isn't convinced that the policeman is the rapist, but the speaker defiantly suspects him. The rape victim knows very little about the criminal in question, so the speaker tells the reader about the incident, the evidence, and about enough facts to let them come up with there own suspect. The first statement made by the speaker is "There is a cop who is both prowler and father.(1)" When he says "prowler" the reader automatically considers the officer to be a suspect, even before any background is given on him. This is a very important line in the poem. It expresses that the policeman is both a prowler and a father figure. He is suppose to be an ally against crime and problems on his beat. The role of a policeman is to protect the innocent from criminals and evils. But who protects you when officers of the law are corrupt and are involved in unlawful actions? There is also another line in this paragraph that the reader could interpret to be incriminating. The speaker says the "You hardly know him in his boots and silver badge, on horseback, one hand touching his gun.(4-5)" Since she doesn't know him that well anyway, maybe instead of seeing him as an officer of the law, she sees him as her assailant. The middle few stanza get a little more confusing. The second stanza tells of how intimidating and powerful the policeman is. The third stanza is where the woman takes her problems and concerns to the officer. The forth stanza is quite intriguing. It starts off with a description the cop's eyes, a very soothing image. Its the last verse of this stanza that takes a turn of suspicion against the officer. The thought of the "the hysteria in your voice pleases him best(20)" makes the reader believe that he is the rapist, a person who would enjoy such a thing. The last stanza contains some good closing thoughts. It is also interesting because it sounds like the speaker changes who he is addressing. This is obvious in the first line of this stanza when the speaker says "He has access to the machinery that could get you put away.(26)" The woman wouldn't get put away, for she hasn't done anything wrong. The speaker is now talking to the rapist. The speaker later talks about what the rapist says as being "like a portrait of your confessor.(29)" In these latter moments of this poem, maybe the woman is unsure of who violated her. "Rape", by Adrienne Rich, is a poem about a woman who was violated. At first the reader suspects the policeman as her rapist, then it seems like she suspects someone else. After writing this paper, I come up with another possible theory. I believe that no one she knows is her rapist, she just sees all males as possible rapist and feels scared and threatened by them.

Lars and the real girl

Lars and the real girl Introduction Though the genre of the movie Lars and the real girl released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in 2007 can be defined as comedy-drama, the plot of the picture is based on real life psychological concepts. But for the enormously sympathetic attitude of the inhabitants of the town towards Lars and his delusions, the plot of the film seems plausible.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Lars and the real girl specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Even though it produces comic effect upon the audience, the non-pharmacological intervention strategy implemented for treating delusional disorder in Lars, the main character of the film, is effective and corresponds to the results of the real life empirical research. Film concepts The development of the events in Lars and the real girl is based upon the delusional disorder of the main character Lars Lindstrom. Living in a garage and having difficulties with communicating wit h his relatives, co-workers and especially representatives of the opposite sex, Lars orders a lifelike doll Bianca from the online store and persists that she is a real girl (Lars and the real girl). It is significant that Lars actually has difficulties even in communicating with his doll as he refuses any kind of intimacy with her, making Bianca sleep in a separate room. Lars’ delusions were so strong that even at the end of the film he announces that Bianca dies instead of obtaining a more sensible view of the surrounding reality. On the one hand, Dagmar as the family doctor chooses the most appropriate intervention strategy for treating the main character by establishing confidential relationships with him. On the other hand, the community creates favorable conditions for Lars’ recovery by treating Bianca as a real person and even involving the doll into volunteer programs and employing her as a model in a clothing store. The sympathy of the inhabitants of the town is touching as they even attend Bianca’s funeral (Lars and the real girl). The community’s attitude and feelings of Margo, Lars’ co-worker who is interested in Lars disregarding his obvious disorder, are the only details of the plot of the film which lack feasibility. As a rule, the individuals with delusional disorders are not met with open arms by the community. The sympathetic attitude of the inhabitants of the town not only creates plenty of comic situations, but also contributes to the atmosphere which was favorable for enhancing the effectiveness of Lars’ treatment.Advertising Looking for research paper on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Lars’ case of delusional disorder with analysis of its main causes, symptoms and intervention strategies are central to the movie Lars and the real girl. Combining plausible data on psychological disorder and the enormously sym pathetic attitude of the community to Lars’ delusions, the author achieves the comic and dramatic affects at the same time. History of the concept of delusional disorder The concepts of paranoia and delusional disorders have been evolved over time and underwent a number of changes through continuing research and practical application of the findings. The term ‘paranoia’ was coined by ancient Greek and was combined of two stems which can be translated as ‘besides’ and ‘self’ or ‘mind’ (Grover et al, 2006, p. 62). This term was used for defining the conditions in which primarily cognition but not perception was disturbed. Kraepelin is known for making a significant contribution to the definition of the concept and distinguishing paranoia from other disorders. According to Kraepelin theories, the only behavioral changes in patients with delusional disorder were associated with their delusional beliefs, while the personality cou ld be preserved even if the illnesses lasted for several decades (Grover et al, 2006, p. 62). Kruger (1917) as one of Kraepelin’s followers claimed that the system of delusions does not go beyond the realms of possibility and can be logically assumed. Bleuler (1920) broadened the definition of the concept, discussing the occurrence of hallucinations and emphasizing the appearance of paranoid symptoms in other conditions (Grover et al, 2006, p. 62). In 1987, however, this condition was renamed as delusional disorder due, while the term ‘paranoia’ was recognized as vague and inappropriately applied (Manschreck and Kahn 2006). In general, as it can be seen from the above mentioned historical overview, the cases of delusional disorders have been known since ancient times. Disregarding the chosen terminology and theoretical framework, the definition of this illness is based upon the disturbance of the patient’s cognition while perception and the rest of persona l characteristics are preserved undisturbed. This definition is applicable to Lars’ case depicted in the movie under consideration, taking into account that the main character seems to be relatively normal but for the perception of the doll as a real girl.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Lars and the real girl specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Definition and classifications of delusional disorder Currently, the concept of delusional disorder is defined as the condition â€Å"characterized by the presence of one or more nonbizarre delusions and the relative absence of associated psychopathology† (O’Conor et al, 2007, p. 183). Depending upon the content of the delusions and the corresponding patients’ behavior, the delusions are subdivided into several main types. The first type which is defined as persecutory comprises individuals who believe that they are malevolently treated. The second type is called somatic and includes patients who believe that they have a certain physical disorder. The third type of delusional disorder is defined as erotomanic and is associated with belief in love at a distance. The patients with the third type may persist that they are in relationship with celebrities. The fourth type is jealous and is associated with belief in an unfaithful partner. The fifth type is called a grandiose one and is associated with belief in enormous power or knowledge (O’Conor et al, 2007, p. 184). Implementing the above-mentioned classification for Lars’ case, it can be stated that the main character of the movie under consideration can be diagnosed as a peculiar modification of erotomanic type. As opposed to the primary definition, there is no distance between Lars and Bianca as the object of his dreams, but he intentionally creates it by refusing any kind of intimacy and making the doll live in a separate room. It might seem that the do ll is intended to solve Lars’ problems with communication and isolation, but experiencing difficulties even with Bianca, the main character demonstrates the level of his communicative problems and the strength of his belief that Bianca is a real girl. Main causes and symptoms of delusional disorder The main theories meant to explain the causes of delusional disorder can be subdivided into three main groups, including those of cognitive, psychophysiological and psychodynamic theories on occurrence, development, maintenance and content of delusional beliefs. Cognitive theories as the first subgroup explain the occurrence of delusions with cognitive deficit, inability to draw logical conclusions from the available information and the distorted thinking. The second subgroup focuses on abnormal perceptual experiences following the normal cognitive processes, explaining the occurrence of delusions with anomalous psychophysiological mechanisms involved into the perceptual process an d responsible for interpreting the information retrieved from the surrounding world.Advertising Looking for research paper on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The third subgroup of psychodynamic theories places special emphasis upon motivational factors. It should be noted that all these theories are rather complementary than mutually exclusive. Malancharuvil (2004) noted that â€Å"a combination of factors could influence the formation and maintenance of delusions† (p. 163). Apart from theoretical research concerning the origin and explanation of delusional disorder in general, when treating a certain patient, practitioners have to answer two main questions concerning the roots of disorder in every particular case and the reasons for the formation of the peculiar type of delusions in every single patient. Proper diagnosis and a comprehensive understanding of the underlying causes of the symptoms would allow selecting the most appropriate and effective intervention strategies. In the course of time, the formation of delusions in patients has been explained with genetic predisposition, cultural and personal experience. Regarding the genetic predispositions, reviewing the results of the latest studies of the issue, it is possible to find the evidence supporting the contradicting hypotheses on the role of genetics in the occurrence of delusions in individuals. For example, according to the results of the study by Morimoto et al (2002), â€Å"polymorphism of the DRD2, DRD3 and/or TH gene was part of the genetic basis underlying the hyperdopaminergic state that produced paranoid symptoms† (Grover et al, 2006, p. 69). On the other hand, the findings of Cardno and McGuffin (2006) prove that there is no sufficient evidence for proving the links between the genetic predispositions and formation of delusional disorders and further research along with wider samples are required for establishing these relationships. Regarding Lars’ case, it is hard to define whether the disorder of the main character has got the genetic roots. However, taking into account the subnormal behavior of his father who blames Lars in his mother’s death and turns the lives of his sons to hell, it can be hypothesized that Lars’ father also had certain disorder which just was not diagnosed and investigated. Concerning the cultural background, empirical studies have proven that this factor does not have any significant impact upon the formation and maintenance of delusions. Grover et al (2007) noted that â€Å"the sociodemographic profile of delusional disorder is consistent across various cultures† (p. 462). Regarding the remaining factor of personal background, Maher (2005) noted that â€Å"The patient presents his particular delusion with content that is drawn from his past history or present circumstances because that is the kind of explanatory material available to him† (p. 141). Taking into account the results of the above-mentioned studies, it can be stated that the personal experience can be regarded as the most influential factor in development of delusional disorder in parti cular individuals. Taking into account the existing theories on the causes and content of delusions, it can be concluded that the unhealthy family atmosphere is the main cause of Lars’ delusions. His mother died during his birth and it preconditioned his fear of not only having children, but also having relationships with the opposite sex at all. Thus, though Lars’ genetic predisposition cannot be taken into consideration, his personal background has become the major cause of his delusional disorder. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment The existing treatment strategies are divided into pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions which are both applied by modern psychotherapists. The pharmacological approach which has been regarded is ineffective previously, has become popular among contemporary doctors and theoreticians. For instance, as it was cited in Grover et al (2006), Srinivasan et al (1994) found â€Å"good response to antipsychotic trea tment using trifluperazine, haloperidol, chlorpromazine, and electroconvulsive therapy† (p. 70). As opposed to the past belief that delusional disorder cannot be treated through pharmacological interventions, the results of the recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of this method. Manschreck and Khan (2006) concluded that â€Å"delusional disorder should not be considered a treatment-resistant condition; medication can be effective if the patient adheres to the treatment regimen† (p. 118). Disregarding the available evidence on the effectiveness of pharmacological interventions, Dagmar as the family doctor decides on non-pharmacological treatment which appears to be sufficient for treating Lars. Recognizing the peculiarities of the patient’s condition, the doctor in a movie not only does not reassure the patient in his delusions, but also supports his ideas and even offers the treatment for the doll, playing according to the rules of the patient†™s game. Though this approach may seem extraordinary and even comic to certain extent, this treatment corresponds to the results of the recent research. Taking into account the fact, that most patients with delusional disorder do not recognize their illness and refuse any treatment, it can be stated that supporting Lars in his delusions was the best way out for avoiding his confrontation. O’Connor et al (2007) noted that â€Å"It seems crucial to initially adopt an accommodating and non-confrontational approach† (p. 187). This goal is successfully achieved by Dagmar who is supported by altruistic inhabitants of the town. Emphasizing the effectiveness of non-pharmacological approach, Malancharuvil (2004) noted that â€Å"Instead of considering the delusional thought as a thought problem, it should be examined as an affective problem that is intellectually defended† (p. 167). The small detail that Lars always carries a baby blanket with him proves that the chara cter looks for protection and tries to hide from the surrounding. Detailing the treatment strategies, Malancharuvil (2004) defined the main stages of working through delusional thinking, namely establishing therapeutic alliance with the patient, modifying defensiveness, connecting to core experience, restructuring and consolidation. All these stages were passed by Dagmar in treating Lars, though some of them were completed in a rather untraditional way by involving the community into the process of treatment. On the one hand, the fact of Lars’ recovery may seem doubtful, because he returns to reality by announcing that Bianca dies. Still, the facts that the patient gets rid of his delusions and has a love affair with his co-worker, a real girl prove that Dagmar’s treatment is effective. The community’s attitude to Lars’ delusions and his love affair with Margo can be regarded as an important component of the intervention strategy which was significant for Lars’ recovery. Conclusion In general, it can be concluded that disregarding the peculiarities of the genre of drama-comedy, the plot of the movie Lars and the real girl has sufficient theoretical basis on treating the patients with delusional disorder and can be regarded as plausible. Dagmar’s non-pharmacological approach in establishing the non-confrontational relationship with the patient, defining the causes of the delusions and restructuring them may produce a comic effect, but were effective for modifying Lars’ defensiveness and returning him to reality. Reference List Aubrey, S., Cameron, J., Kimmel, S. (Producers) and Gillespie, C. (Director). (2007). Lars and the real girl [Motion picture]. United States: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Cardno, A. and McGuffin, M. (2006). Genetics and delusional disorder. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 24: 257-276. Grover S, Gupta N, Kumar S. (2006). Delusional disorders: An overview. Journal of German Psychology, 9: 62-73. Gro ver, S., Biswas, P., and Avasthi, A. (2007). Delusional disorder: Study from North India. Psychiatry and Neurosciences, 61: 462-470. Maher, B. (2005). Delusional thinking and cognitive disorder. Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science, 40 (3): 136-146. Malancharuvil, J. (2004). Delusional thinking: A thought or affective disorder? A paradigm for working through delusional thinking in Psychotherapy. American Journal of Psychotherapy, 58 (2): 162-173. Manschreck, T. and Khan, N. (2006). Recent advances in the treatment of delusional disorder. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 51(2): 114-119. O’Connor, K., Stip, E., Pelissier, M., Aardema, F. (2007). Treating delusional disorder: A comparison of cognitive-behavioral therapy and attention placebo control. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 52(3): 182-196.

Classroom Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Classroom Management - Essay Example As earlier mentioned, a learning centre usually has plenty of hands-on materials that provide the learners with opportunities to actively participate in learning. The students are therefore expected to be courteous, respectful and considerate for the equipment at the learning centre and handle them with care so that they can fully benefit from them. In the computer station, the K-8 students are also expected to show respect for school property, in this case, the computers. They should avoid inappropriate behavior such as scratching or writing on the computers and mishandling them because they are very delicate and they need to benefit from them fully. The students are also expected to be on time for the learning activities taking place at the computer stations and come prepared for the activities. This will entail bringing all the necessary classroom materials with them. These include paper, pencil or books. B. 1. Out-of-class activities are described as those activities that take pl ace outside the traditional classroom but within an educational context. The two out-of-class activities that have been chosen for this assignment are playground time or recess and field trips or assemblies. Playground time or recess is part of school activities that K-8 students are involved in during their day in school. Field trips are necessary so as to expose students to the abstract things that they have been learning in class. Assemblies on the other hand are inevitable in any school situation because there are many people who need to address their common goals. B. 2. During playground time or recess, it is expected that K-8 students conduct themselves in an orderly, respectable and responsible... This essay approves that a learning centre is defined as an area in a classroom which has a variety of meaningful activities and hands-on materials that provide the learners with opportunities to actively participate in their own learning. A computer station in a classroom may be defined as an area within the classroom that is outfitted with computer equipment and furnishings for the students to be able to make use of the computer when learning. These two centres are usually equipped with materials that are meant to enhance and promote teaching and learning activities. Evaluation is concerned with the assessment of something’s worth or significance using preset standards. In this context, evaluation entails all the necessary steps taken to determine whether all the students have understood the behavior expectations in and out of class. There are several methods that can be used to determine the level of students understanding of their own behavior and consequences. This report makes a conclusion that another method of evaluation is the use of student conferences whereby the students are involved in the process of goal setting and evaluation. In such conferences, the students are made to contribute in setting the behaviors that are expected of them and they later evaluate how they behaved during the lessons so as to see whether they met the behavioral expectations or not. They therefore have the opportunity to understand what is expected of them and know how to behave during activities in and out of class.